ROBERT A. BLANCHETTE

Department of Plant Pathology
University of Minnesota
1991 Upper Buford Circle, 495 Borlaug Hall
St. Paul, MN 55108-6030

Phone – 612-625-0202 Fax – 612-625-9728
E-mail= robertb@umn.edu

http://forestpathology.cfans.umn.edu

Follow on twitter: @forestmycology

EDUCATION:

Merrimack College - Biology/Botany B.A.
University of New Hampshire - Forest Resources M.S.
Washington State University - Plant Pathology Ph.D.

EMPLOYMENT:

Professor and Forest Pathologist 1988-present, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota
Associate Professor 1984-1988, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota
Assistant Professor 1980-1984, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota
Department of Plant Pathology Postdoctoral Research, Washington State University and Teaching Associate 1978-1980

HONORS:

Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science
Fellow, American Phytopathological Society
Fellow, International Academy of Wood Science
Hans Merensky Fellow for Wood Science
Allied Professional Award, The American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works
Distinguished Service Award, American Society of Microbiology
United States Department of Agriculture -honor award for research in environmental science – group award with M. Akhtar, T.K. Kirk and others at the USDA Forest Products Laboratory

PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES:

American Phytopathological Society
American Association for the Advancement of Science
American Society for Microbiology
Mycological Society of America
International Society of Wood Anatomists
British Mycological Society
International Biodeterioration Society
Antarctic Heritage Trust
American Polar Society

PUBLICATIONS :
2 Books
15 United States patents and numerous international patents
over 250 book chapters and refereed journal papers

A list of selected publications:

Blanchette, R. A. 2017. Extraordinary fungal masks used by the Indigenous People of North America and Asia. FUNGI Magazine 10 (3): 8-12. Reprint

Beier, G. L., B. W. Held, C. P. Giblin, J. Cavender-Bares and R. A. Blanchette. 2017. American elm cultivars: Variation in compartmentalization of infection by Ophiostoma novo-ulmi and its effects on hydraulic conductivity. Forest Pathology Early view on line at DOI: 10.1111/efp.12369

Zothanzama, J., R. A. Blanchette, B. W. Held and C. W. Barnes. 2017. Ganoderma mizoramense sp. nov. A new Ganoderma species from Mizoram, India. Persoonia 38: 326-327. Fungal Planet Description Sheets # 597. Reprint

Wilson, M. B., B. W. Held, A. H. Freiborg, R. A. Blanchette and C. E. Salomon. 2017. Resource capture and competitive ability of non-pathogenic Pseudogymnoascus spp. and P. destructans, the cause of white-nose syndrome in bats. PLoS ONE 12 (6): e0178968. Reprint

Beier, G. L., B. W. Held, C. P. Giblin, and R. A. Blanchette. 2017. Effects of inoculation timing on symptom development in Ulmus americana L. In: Proceedings of the American Elm Restoration Workshop 2016. U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report NRS-P-174, pages 30-36. Reprint

Blanchette, R. A. and P. Davoli. 2017. Historic wonders of the fungal world: The evil demon hand and Fungus digitatus. FUNGI Magazine 10 (1): 17-21. Reprint

Held, B. W. and R. A. Blanchette. 2017. Deception Island Antarctica harbors a diverse assemblage of wood decay fungi. Fungal Biology 121:145-157. Reprint

Loyd, A. L. J. A. Smith, B. S. Richter, R. A. Blanchette and M. E. Smith. 2017. The laccate Ganoderma of Southeastern United States: A cosmopolitan and important genus of wood decay fungi. University of Florida IFAS Extension Bulletin # PP333 6 pages. Reprint

Blanchette, R. A., B. W. Held, L. Hellmann, L. Millman and U. Büntgen. 2016. Arctic driftwood reveals unexpectedly rich fungal diversity. Fungal Ecology 23:58-65. Reprint

Oron, A., N. Liphschitz, B. W. Held, E. Galili, M. Klein, R. Linker and R. A. Blanchette. 2016. Characterization of archaeological wooden objects exposed on the hyper-saline Dead Sea shore. Jouranl of Archaeological Science:Reports 9:73-86. Reprint

Hibbett, D., R. A. Blanchette, P. Kenrick and B. Mills. 2016. Climate, decay and the death of the coal forests. Current Biology 26:R563-R567. Reprint

Schwenk, D., P. Brandt, R. A. Blanchette, M. Nett and D. Hoffmeister. 2016. Unexpected metabolic versatility in a combined fungal Fomannoxin/Vibralactone biosynthesis. Journal of Natural Products 79:1407-1414. Reprint

Otto, E. C., R. A. Blanchette, B. W. Held, C. W. Barnes and M. Obodai. 2016. Ganoderma mbrekobenum, a new species of Ganoderma from Ghana. Fungal Planet Description Sheets #449. Persoonia 36:416-417. Reprint

Gaskell, J., R. A. Blanchette, P. E. Stewart, S. Splinter, M. Adams, G. Sabat, P. Kersten and D. Cullen. 2016. Transcriptome and secretome analyses of the wood decay fungus Wolfiporia cocos support alternative mechanisms of lignocellulose conversion. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 82: 3979-3987. Reprint

Zothanzama, J., R. A. Blanchette, S. Redford, B. W. Held, Zohmangaiha, J. M. C. Vabeikhokhei. 2016. Using molecular characterization as a tool for identification of fungi from Mizoram, India. Pages 165-177. In Eckman, K. and L. Ralte (editors) Integrated Land Use Management in the Eastern Himalayas. Vol. 2. Akansha Publishing House, New Delhi.

Blanchette, R. A. 2015. A rare wonder of the fungal world. FUNGI 8: 28-31. Reprint

Blanchette, R. A., J. A. Jurgens and H. Heuveling van Beek. 2015. Growing Aquilaria and Production of Agarwood in Hill Agro-ecosystems. In: Integrated Land Use Management in the Eastern Himalayas. Edited by: K. Eckman and L. Ralte. Akansha Publishing House Delhi. Pages 66-82. Reprint

Rusman, Y.,  B. W. Held, R. A. Blanchette, S. Wittlin and C. E. Salomon. 2015. Soudanones A–G: Antifungal Isochromanones from the Ascomycetous Fungus Cadophora sp. Isolated from an Iron Mine. Journal of Natural Products. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00204

Floudas, D. B. W. Held, R. Riley, L. G. Nagy, G. Koehler, A. S. Ransdell, H. Younus, J. Chow, J. Chiniquy, A. Lipzen, A. Tritt, H. Sun, S. Haridas, K. LaButti, R. A. Ohm, U. Kües, R. A. Blanchette, I. V. Grigoriev, R. E. Minto, D. S. Hibbett. 2015. Evolution of novel wood decay mechanisms in Agaricales revealed by the genome sequences of Fistulina hepatica and Cylindrobasidium torrendii. Fungal Genetics and Biology 76:78-92.

Blanchette, R. A., B. W. Held, D. Mollov, J. Blake and A. W. D’Amato. 2015. First report of Heterobasidion irregulare causing root rot and mortality of red pines in Minnesota. Plant Disease 99: 1038. Reprint

Beier, G. L., S. C. Hokanson, S. T. Bates and R. A. Blanchette. 2015. Aurantioporthe corni gen. et comb. Nov., an endophyte and pathogen of Cornus alternifolia. Mycologia 107:66-79. Reprint

Turchetti, B., L. Selbmann, R. A. Blanchette, S. Di Mauro, E. Marchegiani, L. Zucconi, B. E. Arenz and P. Buzzini. 2015. Cryptococcus vaughanmartiniae sp. nov. and Cryptococcus onofrii sp. nov.: two new species isolated from worldwide cold environments. Extremophiles 19:149-159. Reprint

Schwenk, D., M. Nett, H-M. Dahse, U. Horn, R. A. Blanchette and D. Hoffmeister. 2014. Injury- induced biosynthesis of methyl-branched polyene pigments in a white-rotting basidiomycete. Journal of Natural Products 77:2658-2663. Reprint

Hori, C, T. Ishida, K. Igarashi, M. Samejima, H. Suzuki, E. Master, P. Ferreira, F. J. Ruiz-Duenas, B. Held, P. Canessa, L. F. Larrondo, M. Schmoll, I. S. Druzhinina, C. P. Kubicek,  J. A. Gaskell, P. Kersten, F.  St. John, J.  Glasner,  G. Sabat, S. Splinter BonDurant, K. Syed, J. Yadav, A. C. Mgbeahuruike, A. Kovalchuk, F. O. Asiegbu, G. Lackner, D. Hoffmeister, J. Rencoret, A. Gutie rrez, H. Sun, E. Lindquist, K. Barry, R. Riley, I. V. Grigoriev, B. Henrissat, U. Kues, R. M. Berka, A. T. Martınez, S. F. Covert, R. A. Blanchette and D. Cullen. 2014. Analysis of the Phlebiopsis gigantea genome, transcriptome and secretome provides insight into its pioneer colonization strategies of wood. PLoS Genetics 10(12): e1004759. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004759. Reprint

Coetzee, M.P.A., M. J. Wingfield, S. Marincowitz , R. A. Blanchette. 2014. A new species of Ganoderma, Ganoderma austroafricanum M.P.A. Coetzee, M. J. Wingf, Marinc, Blanchette, sp. nov. Persoonia (Fungal Planet #310) 33:268-269. Reprint

Ortiz, R. and Robert A. Blanchette. 2014. Desfibrado de Maderas obtenidas desde las oficinas salitreras de Humberstone y Santa Laura en Chile. Un sitio del patrimonio mundial (Defibration wood obtained from the Saltpeter Works Humberstone and Santa Laura in Chile. World Heritage Sites). Madera y Bosques 20(3):59-58. Reprint

Gaskell, J., A. Marty, M. Mozuch, P. J. Kersten, S. Splinter BonDurant, G. Sabat, A. Azarpira, J. Ralph, O. Skyba, S. D. Mansfield, R. A. Blanchette, and D. Cullen. 2014. Influence of Populus genotype on gene expression by the wood decay fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Applied and Environmental  Microbiology 80:5828-5835. Reprint

Riley, R., A. A. Salamov, D. W. Brown, L. G. Nagy,  D. Floudas, B. W. Held, A. Levasseur, V. Lombard, E. Morin, R. Otillar, E. A. Lindquist,  H. Sun, K. M. LaButti, J. Schmutz, D. Jabbour, H. Luo, S. E. Baker,  A. G. Pisabarro, J. D. Walton, R. A. Blanchette, B. Henrissat, F. Martin, D. Cullen, D. S. Hibbett, and I. V. Grigoriev. Extensive sampling of basidiomycete genomes demonstrates inadequacy of the white-rot/brown-rot paradigm for wood decay fungi. 2014. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111:9923-9928. Reprint

Arenz B. E., R. A. Blanchette and R. L. Farrell. 2014. Fungal Diversity in Antarctic Soils. Pages 35-53. In Antarctic Terrestrial Microbiology: Physical and Biological Properties of Antarctic Soils. D. Cowan (ed). Springer, Berlin. Reprint

Berry, T. D., T. R. Filley and R. A. Blanchette. 2014. Oxidative enzymatic responce of white-rot to single-walled carbon nanotubes. Environmental Pollution 193:197-204. Reprint

Oritz, R., M. Parraga, J. Navarrete, I. Carrasco, E. de la Vega, M. Ortiz, P. Herrera, J. A. Jurgens, B. W. Held and R. A. Blanchette. 2014. Investigations of Biodeterioration by Fungi in Historic Wooden Churches of Chiloe, Chile. Microbial Ecology 67:568-575. Reprint

Hujslová, Martina, Alena Kubátová, Martin Kostovčík, Robert A. Blanchette, Z. Wilhelm de Beer, Milada Chudíčková, and Miroslav Kolařík. 2014. Three new genera of fungi from extremely acidic soils. Mycological Progress 13:819-831. Reprint

Espinoza, E. O., C. A. Lancaster, N. M. Kreitals, M. Hata,R. B. Cody and R. A. Blanchette. 2014. Distinguishing wild from cultivated agarwood (Aquilaria spp.) using direct analysis in real time and time of-flight mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 28:1-9.

Ortiz, R., H. Navarretea, J. Navarrete, M. Párragac, I. Carrasco,E. de la Vegac, M. Ortiz, P. Herrera, and R. A. Blanchette. 2014 Deterioration, decay and identification of fungi isolated from wooden structures at the Humberstone and Santa Laura saltpeter works: A world heritage site in Chile. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation 86:309-316.

Ortiz, R., J. Navarrete, C. Oviedo, M. Párraga, I. Carrasco, E. de la Vega, M. Ortiz, R. A. Blanchette. 2013. White rot Basidiomycetes isolated from Chiloé National Park in Los Lagos region, Chile. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 104:1193-1203.

Schilling, J. S., S. M. Duncan, G. N. Presley, T. R. Filey, J. A. Jurgens and R. A. Blanchette. 2013. Colocalizing incipient reactions in wood degraded by the brown rot fungus Postia placenta. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation 83: 56-62. Reprint

Perez, C. A., M. J. Wingfield, N. Altier and R. A. Blanchette. 2013. Species of Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae on native Myrtaceae in Uruguay: evidence of fungal host jumps. Fungal Biology 117:94-102. Reprint

Hellmann, L., W. Tegel, Ó. Eggertsson, F. H. Schweingruber, R. A. Blanchette, A. Kirdyanov, H. Gärtner, and U. Büntgen. 2013. Tracing the origin of Arctic driftwood, Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 118: 68–76. Reprint

Floudas, Dimitrios, Manfred Binder, Robert Riley, Kerrie Barry, Robert A. Blanchette, Bernard Henrissat, Angel T. Martínez, Robert Otillar, Joseph W. Spatafora, Jagjit S. Yadav, Andrea Aerts, Isabelle Benoit, Alex Boyd, Alexis Carlson, Alex Copeland, Pedro M. Coutinho, Ronald P. de Vries, Patricia Ferreira, Keisha Findley, Brian Foster, Jill Gaskell, Dylan Glotzer, Paweł Górecki, Joseph Heitman, Cedar Hesse, Chiaki Hori, Kiyohiko Igarashi, Joel A. Jurgens, Nathan Kallen, Phil Kersten, Annegret Kohler, Ursula Kües, T. K. Arun Kumar, Alan Kuo, Kurt LaButti, Luis F. Larrondo, Erika Lindquist, Albee Ling, Vincent Lombard, Susan Lucas, Taina Lundell, Rachael Martin, David J. McLaughlin, Ingo Morgenstern, Emanuelle Morin, Claude Murat, Laszlo G. Nagy, Matt Nolan, Robin A. Ohm, Aleksandrina Patyshakuliyeva, Antonis Rokas, Francisco J. Ruiz-Dueñas, Grzegorz Sabat, Asaf Salamov, Masahiro Samejima, Jeremy Schmutz, Jason C. Slot, Franz St. John, Jan Stenlid, Hui Sun, Sheng Sun, Khajamohiddin Syed, Adrian Tsang, Ad Wiebenga, Darcy Young, Antonio Pisabarro, Daniel C. Eastwood, Francis Martin, Dan Cullen, Igor V. Grigoriev, and David S. Hibbett. The Paleozoic Origin of Enzymatic Lignin Decomposition Reconstructed from 31 Fungal Genomes. 2012. Science 336: 1715-1719. Reprint Supporting materials for the paper

Inch, S., R. Ploetz, B. Held and R. Blanchette. 2012. Histological and anatomical responses in avocado, Persea Americana, induced by the vascular wilt pathogen, Raffaelea lauricola. Botany 90:627-635.

Schilling, J.S., Ai, J., Blanchette, R.A., Duncan, S.M., Filley, T.R., and Tschirner, U.W. 2012. Lignocellulose modifications by brown rot fungi and their effects, as pretreatments, on cellulolysis. Bioresource Technology 116: 147-154. Reprint

Fernandez-Fueyo, E, F. J. Ruiz-Dueñas, P. Ferreira, D. Floudas, D. S. …B. W. Held,…R. A. Blanchette, P. Kersten, A T. Martinez, R. Vicuna, and D. Cullen. 2012. Comparative genomics of Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Phanerochaete chrysosporium provide insight into selective ligninolysis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 109:5458-5463. Reprint Supporting material for the paper

Held, B. W., B. E. Arenz and R. A. Blanchette. 2011. Factors influencing deterioration of historic structures atDeception Island, Antarctica. In Polar Settlements - Location, Techniques and Conservation. Edited by S. Barr and P. Chaplin. ICOMOS Monuments and Sites. International Polar Heritage Committee, Oslo, Norway. pp 35-43.  ISBN 978-82-996891-3-7. Reprint

Arenz, B. E. and R. A. Blanchette. 2011. Distribution and abundance of soil fungi in Antarctica at sites on the Peninsula, Ross Sea Region and McMurdo Dry Valleys. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 43:308-315. Reprint

Arenz, B. E., B. W. Held, J. A. Jurgens and R. A. Blanchette. 2011. Fungal colonization of exotic substrates in Antarctica. Fungal Diversity 49:13-22. Reprint

Farrell, R. L., B. E. Arenz, S. M. Duncan, B. W. Held, J. A. Jurgens and R. A. Blanchette. 2011. Introduced and indigenous fungi of the Ross Island historic huts and pristine areas of Antarctica. Polar Biology 34:1669-1677. DOI 10.1007/s00300-011-1060-8

Wymelenberg, A. V., J. Gaskell, M. Mozuch, S. BonDurant, G. Sabat, J. Ralph, O. Skyba, S. D. Mansfield, R. A. Blanchette, I. V. Grigoriev, P. J. Kersten and D. Cullan. 2011. Significant alteration of gene expression in wood decay fungi Postia placenta and Phanerochaete chrysosporium by plant species. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77:4499-4507. Reprint

Blanchette, R. A., B. W. Held, B. E. Arenz, J. A. Jurgens, N. J. Baltes, S. M. Duncan and R. L. Farrell. 2010. An Antarctic hot spot for fungi at Shackleton's historic hut on Cape Royds. Microbial Ecology 60:29-38.

Blanchette, R. A. 2010. Microbial degradation of wood from Aquatic and Terrestrial Environments. In Cutural Heritage Microbiology: Fundamental Studies in Conservation Science. Edited by R. Mitchell and C. J. McNamara. American Society of Microbiology Press. pp 179-218.

Arenz, B. E. and R. A. Blanchette. 2010. Distribution and abundance of soil fungi in Antarctica at sites on the Peninsula, Ross Sea Region and McMurdo Dry Valleys. Soil Biology and Biochemistry In press and on line at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.10.016

Perez, C. A., M. J. Wingfield, N. A. Altier, S. Simeto and R. A. Blanchette. 2010. Puccinia psidii infecting cultivated Eucalyptus and native myrtaceae in Uruguay. Mycological Progress (Reprint available from the journal at doi: 10.1007/s11557-010-0698-x)

Moskal-del Hoyo, M., M. Wachowiak and R. A. Blanchette. 2010. Preservation of fungi in archaeological charcoal. Journal of Archaeological Science 37:2106-2116. Reprint

Vanden Wymelenberg, A. V., J. Gaskell, M. Mozuch, G. Sabat, J. Ralph, O. Skyba, S. D. Mansfield, R. A. Blanchette, D. Martinez, I. Grigoriev, P.J. Kersten and D. Cullen. 2010. Comparative Transcriptome and Secretome analysis of wood decay fungi Postia placenta and Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Applied Environmental Microbiology 76:3599-3610. Reprint

Perez, C. A., M. J. Wingfield, B. Slippers, N. A. Altier and R. A. Blanchette. 2009. Neofusicoccum eucalyptorum, a Eucalyptus pathogen, on native Myrtaceae in Uruguay. Plant Pathology 58:964-970. Reprint

Jurgens, J. A., R. A. Blanchette and T. R. Filley. 2009. Fungal diversity and deterioration in mummified woods from the ad Astra Ice Cap region in the Canadian High Arctic. Polar Biology 32:751-758.

Arenz, B. E. and R. A. Blanchette. 2009. Investigations of fungal diversity in wooden structures and soils at historic sites on the Antarctic Peninsula. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 55:46-56.

Jacobs, J. J., T. A. Burnes, A. J. David and R. A. Blanchette. 2009.  Histopathology of primary needles and mortality associated with white pine blister rust in resistant and susceptible Pinus strobus. Forest Pathology 39:361-376.

Perez, C. A., M. J. Wingfield, N. A. Altier and R. A. Blanchette. 2009. Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae associated with Eucalyptus leaf diseases and stem cankers in Uruguay. Forest Pathology 39: 349-360. Reprint

Konkol, N. R., C J. McNamara, R. A. Blanchette, E. May and R. Mitchell. 2008. Microbes can damage but also help restore artifacts. Microbe 3(12): 563-567.

Schwingle, B. W. and R. A. Blanchette. 2008. Host range investigations of new, undescribed and common Phytophthora spp. isolated from ornamental nurseries in Minnesota. Plant Disease 92:642-647.

Schindelholz, E., R. A. Blanchette, D. Cook, M. Drews, S. Hand, B. W. Held, J. A. Jurgens and B. Seifert. 2007. An Evaluation of supercritical drying and PEG/Freeze drying of waterlogged archaeological wood. Report to the National Center for Preservation Technology and Training, National Park Service. MT-2210-05-NC-10. 55 pages. (Reprint)

Burnes, T. A., R. A. Blanchette, J. A. Smith and J. J. Luby. 2008. Black currant clonal identity and white pine blister rust resistance. HortScience 43:200-202.

Schwingle, B. W., J. A. Smith and R. A. Blanchette. 2007. Phytophthora speices associated with diseased woody ornamentals in Minnesota nurseries. Plant Disease 91:97-102.

Arenz, B. E., B. W. Held, J. A. Jurgens, R. L. Farrell and R. A. Blanchette. 2006. Fungal diversity in soils and historic wood from the Ross Sea Region of Antarctica. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 38:3057-3064.

Held, B. W., J.A. Jurgens, S.M. Duncan, R.L. Farrell and R.A. Blanchette. 2006. Assessment of fungal diversity and deterioration in a wooden structure at New Harbor, Antarctica. Polar Biology 29:526-531.

Schwingle, B. W., J. A. Smith, R. A. Blanchette, S. Gould, and B. L. Blanchette, J. Pokorny and S. D. Cohen. 2006. First Report of Dieback and Leaf Lesions on Rhododendron sp. Caused by Phytophthora hedraiandra in the United States. Plant Disease 90:109. Published on-line as DOI: 10.1094/PD-90-0109A.

Smith, J.A., Blanchette, R.A., Burnes, T.A., Gillman, J.H. and A. J. David. 2006. Epicuticular wax and white pine blister rust resistance in selections of Pinus strobus L. Phytopathology 96: 171-177.

Smith, J.A., Blanchette, R.A., Jacobs, J.J., Higgins, L., Witthun, B. A., Gillman, J. H. and A. J. David. 2006. Proteomic comparison of needles from blister rust-resistant and susceptible Pinus strobus seedlings reveals up-regulation of putative disease resistance proteins. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 19: 150-160.

Thwaites, J. M., R. L. Farrell, S. Duncan, S. D. Reay, R. A. Blanchette and others. 2005. Survey of potential sapstain fungi on Pinus radiata in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 43:653-663.

Kromroy, K. W., R.A. Blanchette and D.F. Grigal. 2005. Armillaria species on small woody plants, small woody debris, and root fragments in red pine stands. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35: 1487-1495.

Held, B. W., J. A. Jurgens, B. E. Arenz, S. M. Duncan, R. L. Farrell and R. A. Blanchette. 2005. Environmetal factors influencing microbial growth inside the historic huts of Ross Island, Antarctica. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation 55:45-53.

Smith, J. A., R. A. Blanchette and G. Newcombe. 2004. Molecular and morphological characterization of the willow rust fungus, Melampsora epitea, from arctic and temperate hosts in North America. Mycologia 96 1330-1338.

Blanchette, R. A., B. W. Held, J. A. Jurgens and J. E. Haight. 2004. Wood deterioration in Chacoan great houses of the southwestern United States. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 6:204-212.

Blanchette, R. A., B. W. Held, J. A. Jurgens, J. Aislabie, S. Duncan and Roberta L. Farrell. 2004.
Environmental pollutants in Antarctica from the Robert F. Scott and Ernest H. Shackleton expeditions during the ‘Heroic Era’ of exploration. Polar Record 40:143-151.

Blanchette, R. A. B. W. Held, J. A. Jurgens, D. L. McNew, T. C. Harrington, S. Duncan, R. L. Farrell. 2004. Wood destroying soft-rot Fungi in the historic expeditions huts of Antarctica. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70:1328-1335.

Jurgens, J. A., R. A. Blanchette, P. J. Zambino and A. David. 2003. Histology of white pine blister rust in needles of resistant and susceptible eastern white pine. Plant Disease 87:1026-1030.

Held, B. W., J. M. Thwaites, R. L. Farrell, and R. A. Blanchette. 2003. Albino strains of Ophiostoma species for biological control of sapstaining fungi. Holzforschung 57:237-242.

Blanchette, R.A. 2003. Deterioration in Historic and Archaeological Woods from Terrestrial Sites. In: Koestler, R.J., Koestler, V.R., Charola, A.E., and Nieto-Fernandez, F.E., (Eds.), Art, Biology, and Conservation: Biodeterioration of Works of Art. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 328-347.

Tennisson, D., R. A. Blanchette and T. C. Windes. 2002. Differentiating aspen and cottonwood in prehistoric wood from Chacoan great house ruins. Journal of Archaeological Science 29:521-527.

Blanchette, R. A., C. C. Renner, B. W. Held, C. Enouch and S. Angstman. 2002. The current uses of Phellinus igniarius by the Eskimos of western Alaska. Mycologist 16:142-145.

Smith J. A., R. A. Blanchette and M. Ostry. 2002. Etiology of bronze leaf disease of Populus. Plant Disease 86:462-469.

Blanchette, R. A., B. W. Held and R. L. Farrell. 2002. Defibration of wood in the expedition huts of Antarctica: an unusual deterioration process occurring in the polar environment. Polar Record 38:313-322.

Behrendt, C. J. and R. A. Blanchette. 2001. Biological control of blue stain in pulpwood. Mechanisms of control used by Phlebiopsis gigantea. Holzforschung 55:238-245.

Filley, T. R., R. A. Blanchette, E. Simpson and M. L. Fogel. 2001. Nitrogen cycling by wood decomposing soft-rot fungi in the “King Midas tomb”, Gordion, Turkey. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 98: 1333346-13350.

Blanchette, R. A. 2001. Fungus ashes and Tobacco: the use of Phellinus igniarius by the indigenous people of North America. Mycologist 15:4-9.

Blanchette, R. A. 2000. A review of microbial deterioration found in archaeological wood from different environments. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation. 46:189-204.

Blanchette, R. A. 1998. A guide to wood deterioration caused by microorganisms and insects. In The Structural Conservation of Panel Paintings. Edited by K. Dardes and A. Rothe. pp 55-68. J. Paul Getty Museum Publications, Los Angeles. This entire book is now on line. Reprint -see page 55 - 67 of this pdf.

Behrendt, C.J. and R.A. Blanchette. 1997. Biological processing of pine logs for pulp and paper production with Phlebiopsis gigantea. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 63:1995-2000.

Blanchette, R.A., E.W. Krueger, J.E. Haight, M. Akhtar, and D.E. Akin. 1997. Cell wall alterations in loblolly
pine wood decayed by the white rot fungus Cerioporiopsis subvermispora. Journal of Biotechnology 53:203-213.

Blanchette, R.A. 1997. Haploporus odorus: A sacred fungus in traditional Native American culture of the northern plains. Mycologia 89:233-240.

Blanchette, R.A. J.E. Haight, R.K. Koestler, P.B. Hatchfield, and D. Arnold. 1994. Assessment of deterioration in archaeological wood from ancient Egypt. Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 33:55-70.

Blanchette, R. A. and A.R. Biggs. 1991. Defense mechanisms of woody plants against fungi. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, New York. 470 p.

Blanchette, R. A., B. D. Compton, N. J. Turner and R. L. Gilbertson. 1992. Nineteenth century shaman grave guardians are carved Fomitopsis officinalis spororphores. Mycologia 84:119-124.

Blanchette, R .A. 1991. Delignification by wood-decay fungi. Annual Review of Phytopathology 29:381-398

Eriksson, K. E., R. A. Blanchette, and P. Ander. 1990. Microbial Degradation of Wood and Wood Components. Springer Verlag, Berlin, New York. 407 p.